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Light's will (1794)

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I, Francis Light of the Parish of Dallingoo in the County of Suffolk, Great Britain and now residing on Prince of Wales' Island in the East Indies do hereby make this my last Will and Testament and do by these presents revoke all other wills and testaments by me heretofore made. Imprimis I give and bequeath the paddy field situated in Nibong plain and containing 100 orlongs of land or thereabouts together with the houses plantation's implements of husbandry and 40 buffaloes unto Martina Rozells who has cohabited with me since the year 1772 to be by her possessed during her natural life and at her death to be divided equally among her children, if no person born of her body remains at her death it shall be disposed of according to her will. Francis Light and Martina Rozells. We were told by Trapaud (1788) and Tuckey (1815) that Light married a Kedah princess, making him, in effect, ...

The white devaraja and the black abdi in Penang

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Tiada boleh menaruh hamba melainkan semuanya merdeka تياد بوله مناره همب ملاينکن مردهيک Hikayat Abdullah In the 18th century, the problem of runaway slaves was so widespread in northern part of the Strait of Melaka that Francis Light (d. 1794) and the Bengal Government found it necessary to include two dedicated clauses (Articles 3 and 4) when they signed the second treaty with Sultan Abdullah Mukaram Shah (d. 1797) to address the issue in 1791. For instance, in 1788, Light wrote to a certain Dato' Laksamana requesting assistance in locating a missing Siamese slave boy. سورة چيت درفد بيت کورندور فولو فينڠ معلومکن کفد داتؤ لقسمان يڠامت مليا و بعد درايت احوال ادله مستر دينيسين تبس بودق سورڠ لاکي جينس سيم کفد جوتن نام ايتم مک بودق ايت سده لاري فرکي ککده منت ...

Nocturnal sarabha in the Fansur-Lamri region

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Between 900 and 953, Captain Buzurg ibn Shahriyar, a Persian shipmaster, compiled a collection of sailors’ tales, and among them appears a curious creature named zarāfah زرافة in the story of Lamri لامری (present day Aceh, North Sumatra). For the uninitiated, zarāfah may seem easily identifiable as a giraffe. But a closer reading of ibn Shahriyar’s account quickly reveals a mismatch: the tame diurnal animal bears little resemblance to the beast described in the text. Instead, the creature in question more plausibly corresponds to the Sumatran rhinoceros. The following Persian text can be found in a French translation published in 1883: وحدثنی أن بجزیره لامری من الزرافة ما لا یوصف کبره، و حکِی عن من حدثه من أهل المراکب الذین کسرهم البحر أنهم اضطروا الی المشی من نواحی فنصور الی لامری، و کانوا لا یمشون باللیل خوفًا من الزرافه لأنها لا تظهر بالنهار، فاذا أقبل اللیل ص...

Kok Kang Keow's petition to Cecil Clementi Smith (1885)

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Petitioner, the widow Kok Kang Keow 1 , respectfully submits this petition. Although my husband’s grave has yet to dry, the family fortune has already started to slip away. I earnestly beseech your grace to look kindly and with compassion upon the plight of a widow and her children. It is known that my late husband, Yap Tet Loy, was once entrusted with the post of Captain China, though it was merely empty name propagated vainly, with little actual asset. Tracing back to the time when petty villians began to manufacture unrest and the region was left devastated in the flames of war and destruction, my husband diligently raised military provisions and distinguished himself repeatedly in battle. It is impossible to calculate the many efforts and resources he expended before gaining any benefit at all. The land he acquired was narrow and overgrown with wild vegetation. He had to reopen the settlem...