僕と葉德來様の公祭

今天早上,華堂和華社一大班人又到家公這里搞公祭。

鏡頭左邊的藍衣男是葉客聯。大老遠來到墓園的他並沒有到我面前喊我一聲阿太。我沒有生氣:曾孫他好像並不知道他的阿太有兩個身份:吉隆第三任甲政葉德來(1837 - 1885)的二媳婦 + 吉隆第一任華人之長趙煜榮(1843 - 1892)頭家的女兒。

我已慣習人們會把我漏掉。

算命的師傅比對過我和隆盛的八字後,批了丙申年十月初六 (10 November 1896) 這個好日子給我們完婚。 十月初三 (7 November 1896) 星期六,媽媽在26 Ampang Road (present-day Capital Square) was once a famous landmark in Kuala Lumpur. After Cheow Ah Yok passed away, the bungalow was sold to a British trader, who later converted the big house to a hotel (Eastern Hotel, b. October 1932), which technically was the first proper hotel in Kuala Lumpur. Cheow Ah Yok's garden was converted to public park.
The following is a description provided by Lee Yip Lim 李业霖 (1935 - 2023) in 1978:

趙煜發跡後,在離開吉隆坡市中心不遠的安邦路建築一座大別墅和一個園圃。這個別墅造得畫棟飛雲,寬敞壯麗,是當時吉隆坡最豪華的住宅。

園中樹木葱翠,花果雜生,有假山,有竹林,有池塘。池塘中培植美麗奇大的睡蓮,花開之夕,趕煜輒邀請友人聚宴于此,共賞名花。飽餐秀色。巴生河蜿蜒地在別墅右旁流过。有一座鐵橋橫臥河身通達園中。南面可以看到市中人戶,熙来攘往;東面對著靡曼綽約的咖啡山,煙斜霧横,氣象千萬。

在蘇丹皇宮未建成以前(1895年皇宮才蓋起來),趙煜的花園別墅,常為州政府借來招待貴賓的場所。一八九零年五月吉打蘇丹陪同暹王朱拉隆公(Chulalongkorn)蒞訪吉隆坡三週。他們就被安置在趙煜的别墅居住。趕煜死後,這座別墅便易主,它的遺址便是今日的東方酒店和中央戴院的地點。

笙歌西第留何客?
煙雨南朝換幾家?

這是很令人惋惜的事 。
安邦路26號
的寓所給我辦了一個送嫁酒。主家席上都是雪蘭莪政府的高官。四州府大法官Lawrence Jackson第一個站起來發表了簡短的講話。我和媽媽都不怎麽聽得懂法官大人的賀語。雪蘭莪和森美蘭二州府華民護衛司H. C. Ridges(利氏)便幫我們翻譯:法官大人他祝媽媽身體健康,也祝我和隆盛幸福。我們讓利氏替我們回敬法官大人,法官的腳好像不怎麼好,我示意利氏和大人說別站太久。坐在一旁,三個月前剛擢升為四州府警察總長哈利(Harry Syers)也不甘示弱,他也站了起來給我們敬酒。利氏告訴我,哈利大人的那杯酒就衹是敬給准新娘子我一個人,這讓我有點不好意思。

26 Ampang Road, Eastern Hotel, before she was demolished in 1990.
東方酒店的前身是趙煜榮在安邦路的別墅,她曾是十九世紀吉隆坡最豪華的住宅.

(1) 家婆郭庚嬌在Market Street的住家. (2) 我和隆盛大婚,家婆在家前面搭建的臨時大戲台. (3) 媽媽廖春娘在Klyne Street的住家. (4) 爸爸趙煜榮在安邦路26號建的別墅和園圃. (5) 葉石伯伯生前的住家,葉伯伯在我入葉家七年前就已離世,1885年家公逝世六十七天後,羅爺大人(J. P. Rodger)在得到嚴緞的同意後,封葉伯伯為吉隆第四任甲政,爸爸則被封為首任華人之長.

然,今年的上午也一样。獻花的範圍,還是定在我三叔隆顺、家婆、家公、和隆盛的爺爺,这四冢。

葉德來墓園地址 (北緯3.12174度, 東經101.70067度, 530尺). Grave-array of Yap's family in Kwong Tong Cemetery: Only five members are buried here: (a) Yap Ah Loy's father (b) Yap Ah Loy (c) Yap Ah Loy's wife: the Nyonya Bujang (d) Nyonya Bujang's third son who died when he was only 27.8 year-old (e) the wife of Nyonya Bujang's second son.

衹是,今年的下午好像稍微有一點不同。

公祭日的下午,一个男人獨自朝我这儿走了过来。我看他在我前面跪了下來,然後他拿起手機對著我照了一張相。


The date given on the tombstone of Chew Yee Yoke is: 1 March 1929 民國18年正月廿日. It is not known if this is a reference to the date of burial or date of death.

他本以為可以用我碑上的文字核對他从文献找到的名字,但我讓他失望了。

衹因為,「趙如玉」这个名字,現衹能在爸爸的石碑上找到。我自己的碑文,反倒沒有銘記。



紅毛人喊爸爸作Cheow Ah Yok,我沒有意見,因為唐人話的發音的難處,紅毛人拼寫唐人名時都是阿這個那個的。

但是,唐人自己的文献把爸爸去榮化寫作不完整的「趙煜」,就怎樣都說不過去。要知道,「煜」衹是代表輩份的派字而不是名字。像我大伯煜興和其他同堂伯仲叔季們,用的是同一個派字。

還有一個更離譜的案例,家公明明是葉德來,紅毛人寫成Yap Ah Loy,我同樣可以理解他們的語音障礙。不幸的是,家公過世兩代人後,三十年代的唐人硬生生地按紅毛人羅馬字組的拼法把家公的名字寫成去德化的「葉亜來」。

看,就連日本人都知道家公名字的正寫法是「葉德來」:

彼の本来の姓名は葉德來 (Yap Tet Loy) であり、葉亜來は通称だそうです。 1900年代初期の中国語の新聞等でYap Ah Loyが報道される場合、葉德來と記述されることが多かったようです。

官方檔案里的葉德来:紅毛人有時會把家公的名字寫成Yap Tet Loy.


家公的去德化:三十年代的華人硬生生地按紅毛人羅馬字組的拼法 (Yap Ah Loy) 把家公的名字寫成去德化的「葉亜來」。報導1958年家公冥誕時,星洲日報用的是正寫法「葉德來」,南洋商報用的卻是歪寫法「葉亜來」。七十年代以後,報紙和書刊好像都喜歡都把家公呼稱為「葉亜來」。
Ortho-gonality Source Remarks
Nanyang Siang Pau
11 January 1933, p. 6
Yap Hon Chin's name was incorrectly spelt as 葉漢清. This guesstimate was apparently guided only by the English phonetic rendering of Yap's name but it was completely off-tangent since the orthoglyphs are 葉韓進.
Sin Chew Jit Poh
28 March 1958, p. 6
Although Yap Ah Loy was the third Captain China. He was incorrectly referred to as the first Captain China in the article: 第一屆甲必丹葉德來先生.
Nanyang Siang Pau
28 March 1958, p. 10
Yap Ah Loy was incorrectly referred to as the first Captain China: 第一屆甲必丹葉亞來(德來). Note that Yap Ah Loy's correct name 德來 was given in the bracket instead.
Nanyang Siang Pau
27 March 1961, p. 10
Yap Ah Loy was still incorrectly referred to as the first Captain China: 第一屆甲必丹葉德來.
Sin Chew Jit Poh
24 March 1964, p. 11
Yap Ah Loy was still incorrectly referred to as the first Captain China: 首屆甲必丹葉德來.
Sin Chew Jit Poh
19 February 1972, p. 19
The author of the report was obviously aware of the fact that Yap Ah Loy's name was 葉德來, but he chose to render the Captain's name as 葉亞來 anyway: 葉亞來本名葉德來,在華人社會中慣稱為葉亞來. Chong Chong's name was rendered as 張忠. Liu Ngim Kong's name was rendered as 劉錦康. Yap Ah Loy's date of death was incorrectly given as May 1885 (一八八五年五月病逝).
Sin Chew Jit Poh
16 November 1972, p. 15
Captain Yap's title 號 is Yè Guìxuān 葉桂軒 but the report incorrectly gave the title as Yè Màolán 葉茂蘭 (The name Màolán is actually Captain's name post-matriculation name 字. After his death, Màolán was also used as Captain Yap's posthumuous name 諱). The unfortunate fact that 葉亞來 was already in common usage was acknowledged by the report: 華人社會慣稱為葉亞來.

對他們來說,「葉亜來」衹是一個文化品牌。家公生前際實叫什麽,實際做過什麽,好像都不那麽重要。所以,我不冀望他們把品牌的名字改回「葉德來」。


葉德来与趙煜榮的第 n 次子嗣:血的记忆和半衰變過程。血的記憶尚且如此短暫,和我們毫無血緣瓜葛的人把家公和爸爸寫作「葉亜來」和「趙煜」,乃屬合情,但不合數據理。華社集體記憶的不嚴謹,也可以從1933年南洋商報把大伯的名字從Yap Hon Chin直譯寫成「葉漢清」這種小事看出來。
Generation Paternal ancestor, \(\mathbb{Yè}\) Maternal ancestor, \(\mathbb{Zhào}\)
1葉德来, \(\mathbb{Y}^{1}\) 趙煜榮, \(\mathbb{Z}^{1}\)
2子女 葉隆盛, \(\mathbb{Y}^{\frac{1}{2}} + \eta^{\frac{1}{2}}\) 趙如玉, \(\mathbb{Z}^{\frac{1}{2}} + \eta^{\frac{1}{2}}\)
3\(\mathbb{Y}^{\frac{1}{4}} + \mathbb{Z}^{\frac{1}{4}}+\eta^{\frac{1}{2}}\), e.g. 葉瑞彬
4曾孫 \(\mathbb{Y}^{\frac{1}{8}} + \mathbb{Z}^{\frac{1}{8}} + \eta^{\frac{3}{4}}\), e.g. 葉木生
5玄孫 \(\mathbb{Y}^{\frac{1}{16}} + \mathbb{Z}^{\frac{1}{16}} + \eta^{\frac{7}{8}}\), e.g. 葉客聯
6來孫 \(\mathbb{Y}^{\frac{1}{32}} + \mathbb{Z}^{\frac{1}{32}} + \eta^{\frac{15}{16}}\)
7晜孫 \(\mathbb{Y}^{\frac{1}{64}} + \mathbb{Z}^{\frac{1}{64}} + \eta^{\frac{31}{32}}\)
8仍孫 \(\mathbb{Y}^{\frac{1}{128}} + \mathbb{Z}^{\frac{1}{128}} + \eta^{\frac{63}{64}}\)
9雲孫 \(\mathbb{Y}^{\frac{1}{256}} + \mathbb{Z}^{\frac{1}{256}} + \eta^{\frac{127}{128}}\)
10耳孫 \(\mathbb{Y}^{\frac{1}{512}} + \mathbb{Z}^{\frac{1}{512}} + \eta^{\frac{255}{256}}\)

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n \(\mathbb{Y}^{2^{1-n}} + \mathbb{Z}^{2^{1-n}} + \eta^{1-2^{2-n}}, \quad n\in[3,\infty)\)

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