Rigel Kent

There are four labial plosive sounds which we can make: /p, pʰ/ is unvoiced when vocal cord is not vibrated pair and /b, bʱ/ is the voiced when vocal cord is vibrated pair. Our northern Indian friends use all four of them in their speech: प (pa) /pa/ , फ (pha) /pʰa/ , ब (ba) /ba/ , भ (bha) /bʱa/ while the northern Chinese is only able to articulate the unvoiced versions. Here's a summary of the two labial plosive consonant in Beijing 北京 dialect: 巴 (bā) /pá/ , 趴 (pā) /pʰá/ , ◯ /b/ , ◯ /bʱ/ These two unvoiced labial consonants are so important that they are fossilized in the bp mf ㄅㄆㄇㄈ acronym (m and f represent the nasal and fricative consonants in the labial series). These standard Mandarin Mandarin or 官話 is official language used in Chinese court, the first recorded use of the word Mandarin can be found in Robert Parke's translation (1589) of Mendoza's History of China: The Mandelines of the sea, which be certai...

The opening paragraph of Harry Frankfurt's little book is as follows: One of the most salient features of our culture is that there is so much bullshit. Everyone knows this. Each of us contributes his share. But we tend to take the situation for granted. . . Frankfurt's view is that the production of bullshit is inevitable in our modern digital landscape since it is stimulated whenever a person's opportunities to speak about some topic exceed his knowledge of the facts that are relevant to that topic (p. 61). The phrase pagar makan padi (ڤاڬر ماكن ڤادي) in an old Hikayat Hang Tuah manuscript (dated between 1828 to 1835), British Library Or. 16215. See the last phrase on the seventh row of folio f. 61r. The proverb is used by Patih Kerma Wijaya to refer to Hang Tuah when he was talking to the Sultan of Melaka, in which Hang Tuah (the pagar ) was accused of having multiple affairs with the concubines (the padi ) in the palace. One such bullshit is man...

The Malay phrase pāgar mākan pādi or ڤاڬر ماكن ڤادي can be found in R. J. Wilkinson's Malay-English Dictionary . On p. 449, Wilkinson wrote: ڤاڬر pagar. A fence; a palissade; a row of stakes or palings. Pagar makan padi : the fence eats up the padi ; the precautions for diminishing loss eat up the profit. . . Even though the example given (in a business context) is rather odd (since the phrase pāgar mākan pādi is normally used when trust is betrayed See Abdullah Hassan's Kamus Istimewa Peribahasa Melayu (2nd ed.) for example. Entry 2930: Padi makan padi (= tanaman). Orang yang kita percayai berkhianat kepada kita, in , p. 160. Cross-references are made to Entries 2939, 3735, 3996, and 4217, which are (a) Pancing makan umpan (p. 160); (b) Sokong membawa rebah (p. 201); (c) Telunjuk mencocok (= merosok, menikam) mata (p. 214); (d) Tongkat membawa rebah (p. 225). ), The English title of the book by Ozay Mehmet is Development in Malaysia: Poverty, wealth...