萊佛士在印度的印度總督 Francis Edward Rawdon-Hastings, Governor-General of India. 在位：1813至1823年。萊佛士的舊老板是Lord Minto, 在位：1807至1813年。新老板讓他給公司物色一個新的基地。因为这一件事，我看主公他煩了很久。
檳城(Prince of Wales)島、佳麗夢(Carimon)島、民丹(Bintan)島、龍牙(Lingga)島、新加坡(Singapore)島和柔佛(Johore)的地理位置
國王的新印璽：信靠主之人(al-Wathiq billah الواثق بالله)，蘇丹胡先莎(Sultan Husain Shah السلطان حسين شاه)，已故(al-Marhum المرحوم)蘇丹馬末莎(Sultan Mahmud Shah سلطان محمود شاه)之子(ibn ابن)，回歷1234年(سنت Sanat 1234 ١٢٣۴).
. . . the amount collected from Native Vessels. The expenses of the Port and the collection of duties to be defrayed by th British Government. Done and concluded at Singapoora this 6th day of February in the year of Our Lord 1819, answering to the 11th day of the Month Rabi‛ al-Akhir and Year of the Hegira 1234. T. S. Raffles. Agent to the Most Noble the Gov. Genl. with the States of Rhio, Lingin, and Johor. . . . terima hasil cukai itu (ترىم حاصل چوکي ايت). Maka dari itu (مک در ايت) kita menurunkan tandatangan (کيت منورنکن تندتاڠن) serta cop kita kedua (سرت چڤ کيت کدوا) di dalam kertas ini (د دالم قرطس اين). Diperbuat surat kepada (دفربوات سورت کفد) sebelas hari bulan (سبلس هاري بولن) Rabi‛ al-Akhir tahun 1234 (تاهون ١٢٣۴) tersurat (ترسورة) di negeri Singapura adanya (د نکري سيع فورا اداڽ).
一個禮拜後的2月13號，原以為會錯過產期的英國人回到檳城。回到家的第一幕：不足一歲的Charlotte Sophia Raffles, 15 February 1818 - 14 January 1822夏珞還在睡覺，在一旁的媽媽，肚子還是尖尖的一大粒。
不過，萊佛士最後還是錯過了見證萊佛士的長子取名利奧波德(Leopold Stamford Raffles, 12 March 1819 - 27 June 1822). 利奧波德在世不到三年，死的時候只有2.3歲。長子出生的一幕。因為蘇菲亞產子的3月12號當天，萊佛士又出坡了。
1957/0118652W In the Court of the Senior Magistrate at Kuala Lumpur Civil Suit No. 138 of 1898. In the matter of the Estate of Yap Ah Loy, deceased, between Yap Hon Chin (28) Yap Loong Shin (23) Yap Leong Soon (18) Yap Kim Neo Yap Leong Sem by his next friend Ong Chi Siew Yap Leong Fong Plaintiffs and Kok Kang Keow (48), otherwise called Kok Ngeo Nga who is sued as Administratrix of the Estate and Effects of Yap Ah Loy, deceased. On the tombstone of Yap Ah Loy, we were given the following list: 1 隆興 (b. 29 December 1869, d. 5 January 1933), 2 隆盛 (Loong Shin, b. 4 April 1875, d. <1925?), 3 隆顺 (Leong Soon, b. 6 March 1880, d. 8 December 1907, died when he was only 27.8), 4 隆發 (b. 10 August 1882, d. 21 September 1900, died when he was only 18...
Ramadan is the month in which the Quran was revealed as guidance to man and clear proof of guidance, and criterion (of falsehood and truth). So when you see the new moon you should fast the whole month. Surah al-Baqarah, verse 185. English translation by Ahmed Ali (1993) Al-Quran: A comtemporary translation, Princeton University Press, Priceton. The original text reads: شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ ٱلَّذِىٓ أُنزِلَ فِيهِ ٱلْقُرْءَانُ هُدًۭى لِّلنَّاسِ وَبَيِّنَـٰتٍۢ مِّنَ ٱلْهُدَىٰ وَٱلْفُرْقَانِ ۚ فَمَن شَهِدَ مِنكُمُ ٱلشَّهْرَ فَلْيَصُمْهُ ۖ وَمَن كَانَ مَرِيضًا أَوْ عَلَىٰ سَفَرٍۢ فَعِدَّةٌۭ مِّنْ أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ ۗ يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ بِكُمُ ٱلْيُسْرَ وَلَا يُرِيدُ بِكُمُ ٱلْعُسْرَ وَلِتُكْمِلُوا۟ ٱلْعِدَّةَ وَلِتُكَبِّرُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ عَلَىٰ مَا هَدَىٰكُمْ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ ١٨٥ The first day of the 10th month in Islamic lunar calendar, \(s\), is know as Eid al-Fitr عيد الفطر . A...
. . . I pointed out how the Bandar, in refusing to accept terms and in fighting against his Sovereign, was a rebel, and that all who assisted him were rebels. That, as he knew well, two out of his three captains, China, had sided with the Bandar, and had given him (the Bandar) more than moral support in his recent operations. (I here showed him the Chinese document attached, which is an order of the head of the Macaos, Wong Hin, to any of his people to render prompt assistance at any time and in any way to the Bandar) . . . . after some more conversation we parted, but shortly afterward he brought to our quarters the two captains, China, I had been advising him about, Wong Hin and Ugoli Kim, and said that, as the Governor had sent me to assist him, he had made up his mind to put the management of everything into my hands . . . C. B. Plunket, Inspector-General of Police of the Straits Settlements November 30, 1874 Pa...
火者亞三 先生是中古馬六甲時代很出名的一條水。 Khoja Hassan (b. 1473, d. 1521) was a rather colorful mantri in Melaka. He was the maritime mantri (水官 Laxamana 1 ) in Melaka, he took over the role from his father-in-law, a certain mister Tuah in Sejarah Melayu. The role was then passed to his brother-in-law 2 when Melaka was about to be sacked by the Portuguese. It is clear from this example that nepotism is deeply integrated in Asiatic court politics. He was of Southern Chinese descent (probably Fujian or Guangdong), but his name reveals that he was a Muslim Chinese. Khoja is linked the Persian word khvâjəh ( خواجه ) and it is originally used to describe a class of Muslim converts in India. Amur leopard by Kwon Jung-soon Given his familarity with Chinese matters, he was recruited by the Portuguese after the fall of Melaka, as the envoy of the new Portuguese Melaka. When he was in China, he became the play companion of the 10th Ming Emperor (Zh...
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